如何提高GMAT閱讀？問題原因和解決辦法

　在所有英語類考試中，包括GMAT，閱讀問題往往是比較普遍的問題。常說的閱讀問題主要體現在讀的慢又讀不懂這兩個方面。就是因為有這樣的問題存在，解決不了又不得不做，學生才會厭倦、害怕閱讀。那么學生要解決閱讀問題，首先就得清楚產生閱讀問題的原因是什么。原因主要有兩點：

　　1. 語言基礎問題，即詞匯量和分析句子能力。

　　2. 缺乏閱讀方法

　　首先，語言基礎這一點。詞匯和句子是整篇文章的基礎，如果本身單詞就不認識，那就當然文章就讀不懂，文章讀不懂，沒有打好基礎，那又怎么可能做得對題目呢?GMAT考試詞匯量在1萬左右，如果你的單詞量只有3000，那么盲目去找各種閱讀方法是不符合邏輯的，面粉都沒準備好，學習各種花式做蛋糕方法也是浪費時間。

　　如果你發現自己看題目大部分單詞都不認識，那就靜下心先從詞句入手，可以背市面上有的單詞書或者利用app， 此外可以做一些難度較低的，比如600難度的閱讀去練手。閱讀練習的期間也可以背題目中出現的不認識的單詞。一天積累練習中的20個單詞，兩個月你就增加了1000+的單詞量，所以總結練習中的單詞不可以浪費哦~

　　其次，閱讀方法。經常都說GMAT閱讀不同于雅思托福的閱讀。雅思托福可以直接看題找答案，而GMAT需要先看文章，理清楚文章的整個脈絡才可以真正做好題目。原因是GMAT考的更多的是看懂字面意思基礎上的邏輯，不清楚整個文章的脈絡走向，就很容易找不對定位的地方，選不出答案或者選錯。所以如果你一直是按照先看題再看文章，方法做題的，而且正確率也偏低的，不妨試試先看文章，理清楚整個文章的邏輯，在做題目。

　　那么怎么理整個文章的邏輯呢。文章和人一樣，得有支撐文章的框架在，然后再在每個框架上進行補充皮肉。所以在讀GMAT文章的時候，要做的就是先找出來這個框架。我們一般可以根據每段首句和段內出現的轉折詞來找文章框架。比如說下面這個文章：

　　Polygamy in Africa has been a popular topic for social research over the past four decades; it has been analyzed by many distinguished minds and in various well-publicized works. In 1961, when Remi Clignet published his book "Many Wives, Many Powers," he was not alone in sharing the view that in Africa co-wives may be perceived as direct and indirect sources of increased income and prestige.

　　By the 1970s, such arguments had become crystallized and popular. Many other African scholars who wrote on the subject became the new champions of this philosophy. For example, in 1983, John Mbiti proclaimed that polygamy is an accepted and respectable institution serving many useful social purposes. Similarly, G.K. Nukunya, in his paper Polygamy as a Symbol of Status,· reiterated Mbiti’s idea that a plurality of wives is a sign of affluence and power in the African society.

　　However, the colonial missionary voice provided consistent opposition to polygamy by viewing the practice as unethical and destructive of family life. While they propagated this view with the authority of the Bible, they were convinced that Africans had to be coerced into partaking in the vision of monogamy understood by the Western culture. The missionary viewpoint even included, in some instances, dictating immediate divorce in the case of newly converted men who had already contracted polygamous marriages. Unfortunately, both the missionary voice and the scholarly voice did not consider the views of African women on the matter important. Although there was some awareness that women regarded polygamy as both a curse and a blessing, the distanced, albeit scientific, perspective of an outside observer predominated both on the pulpit and in scholarly writings.

　　Contemporary research in the social sciences has begun to focus on the protagonist's voice in the study of culture, recognizing that the views and experiences of those who take part in a given reality ought to receive close examination. This privileging of the protagonist seems appropriate, particularly given that women in Africa have often used literary productions to comment on marriage, family and gender relations.

　　黑體字部分就是找出的文章框架，首先出現scholars對于polygamy的看法，然后出現missionary voice ，之后出現這兩派觀點共同的缺點， 與之相對比的出現了現在研究的一個做法。那在知道了這樣一個文章框架后，每大塊下面的細節性內容就比較容易理清楚，方面做題定位，加快閱讀速度。

　　如果你閱讀就遇到了按平常做法讀不懂文章，做不對題，那么就試試這種先理清楚文章再做題的方法吧，堅持下去，一點會有意想不到的收獲。